Catalogación automática

Modele de classement centralisé où il suffit de réaliser une seule fois la description bibliographique des documents. Il est aussi possible de les récupérer automatiquement d'une manière illimitée el permettant une économie de temps et de moyens humains.A model of centralized cataloging in a which a single bibliographic description of the documents enables automatic and unlimited retrieval with an economy of time and human resources.Publicad

Voice recognition systems toward a universal language

An analysis of the major achievements of the last quarter of a century (means of transport and of communication, microelectronics, the conquest of Space, the globalisation of Society, computer networks, blocks of countries, the proliferation of International organisms and so on) would seem to suggest the need for a scientific study into the possibilities of a universal language. A real need exists, every day more pronounced and we consider that this is the right time for this investigation. As a part of this project a discussion of possible alternative solutions is proposed (the use of a multi-lingual approach, English, multilingual intercompression, an international auxiliary language, "manufactured" languages, automatic translation, natural language, among others). There is also a definition of the theoretical specifications which this language should meet, taking into account all the current needs and the sectors involved (voice recognition automatic translation, operative systems, programming languages, documentation, simple cross-cultural learning). The idea is based on a dual focus: person-to-person communication and person-to-machine communication. In order to achieve thi doubled to achieve this double objective we shall select a set of universal sounds and phonemes which are common and undcrstood by all people. The selection of this set of universal sounds and phonemes will be such that it will be easy to undertake a spectral discrimination. The phonetic, lexical and grammatical organisation of the language will be established according to distinct levels of difficulty. Design and development will be based on the Internet as a platform for investigation, cooperation and the consensus of hundreds of experts and a strategy is proposed for learning and spreading the language

Changes in classroom assessment practices during emergency remote teaching due to COVID-19.

This study explores the effects of the shift to emergency remote teaching on assessment practices due to COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 936 Spanish teachers from all educational levels ranging from early childhood to university participated in this nationwide survey. Four aspects were explored: (1) changes in the use of assessment instruments (e.g. exams); (2) changes in assessment criteria, standards and grading; (3) changes in the delivery of feedback and use of rubrics; and (4) changes in students’ involvement in assessment (i.e. self- and peer assessment). In general, results are mixed, with some areas undergoing certain changes with the aim of adapting to the new situation (e.g. primary education teachers lowering their grading standards), whereas many other assessment practices have remained similar, especially among higher education teachers. Unfortunately, some of the assessment practices have worsened, such as students’ involvement in assessment which has decreased.pre-print764 K

Cátedra de emprendedores. Una experiencia de docencia europea y cooperación entre universidad, empresa e instituciones

In this work, the authors describe their experience in the year 2003/04 with the subject “Business Creation”. This subject was part of the activities of the Chair of Entrepreneurs of the Official Chamber of Commerce and Industry of La Rioja. This is a pioneering experience aimed at contributing to the study, research and education in the main subjects of interest for entrepreneurs (reality, problems and perspectives). The collaboration agreement has an initial term of three academic years. This paper covers the following issues: ends, objectives, teaching process, human resources and materials used, cooperation with businesses and institutions, development of the course and results obtained by the students, teachers and society

Biotic, abiotic, and anthropogenic drivers of demographic performance of non-native Eucalyptus and Pinus species in forested areas of Spain

Non-native trees enhance services that are fundamental for human well-being. Yet, the extensive use of non-native trees has the potential of causing environmental and socio-economic harm. Eucalyptus and Pinus are the most widely distributed and extensively planted tree genera worldwide, because their rapid growth allows profitable production of timber and pulp. Their naturalization is causing severe effects on the environment, but the relative importance of underlying factors determining their demographic performance is not well known. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the relative importance of biotic, abiotic, and anthropogenic factors driving demographic changes of Eucalyptus and Pinus at the regional scale. We compiled environmental variables and demographic data for Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Pinus radiata across 6388 permanent forestland plots surveyed in the Spanish Forest Inventory (SFI). We used the second (1986?1996), third (1997?2007), and fourth (2008?2017) SFI datasets to quantify annual changes in basal area per plot between consecutive inventories (?BA; m2 ha?1 year?1). We also quantified the components of ?BA: tree ingrowth (transitions from juvenile to adult trees), growth, and mortality. We evaluated juvenile recruitment with in-situ regeneration (No. juvenile trees ha?1) within plots already occupied by the focal species in the previous inventory, and with natural colonization of plots where the focal species was absent at the beginning of the time interval. We found that the structure of the biotic community was especially important to explain demographic performance of non-native trees growing in benign environments (E. globulus and P. radiata), whereas abiotic factors were particularly important regulating basal area increments of E. camaldulensis, which occurs in harsher environments. Basal area increments decreased with species and functional richness, heterospecific density, mean annual temperature, and increased with soil capacity to retain nutrients and water. Colonization of new plots increased with propagule availability in the surrounding landscape. Tree cutting was beneficial for P. radiata. Collectively, our results suggest that non-native trees perform better in forests with high propagule pressure, low biotic resistance, favourable abiotic conditions, and human management.Agencia Estatal de InvestigaciónUniversidad de AlcaláMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónComunidad de Madri

Determinantes de la conducta de compra de servicios hoteleros por los turistas urbanos en La Rioja

La conducta de compra de servicios hoteleros está condicionada por varios factores: Expectativas sobre la calidad del servicio a recibir, los beneficios buscados en el viaje y estancia que el cliente realiza, la información sobre el precio a pagar por la pernoctación. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal delimitar la influencia de dichos factores sobre el tipo de hotel elegido en el ámbito del turismo urbano. Un segundo objetivo es detectar las diferencias existentes entre los distintos grupos competitivos que coexisten en el mercado; el análisis ha sido aplicado específicamente a la tipología de hoteles urbanos desarrollada para el ámbito geográfico de La Rioja.Several factors influence the buying behavior process implemented in choosing hotel services: (1) Service quality expectations, (2) available information related to prices, and (3) the utilities that the consumer seek to achieve with his selection. The aim of this paper is twofold: First, the influence that each factor exert on the selection of the type of hotel is analised. Second, to highlight the perceived differences among the several competitive groups that coexist within the market. To that purpose, the hotel’s tipology within the region of La Rioja (Spain) has been analised

La competencia entre los destinos turísticos de sol y playa considerados como marcas

La presente investigación tiene como principal objetivo medir el valor de marca de los destinos turísticos de sol y playa así como delimitar y analizar las fuentes de dicho valor de marca. Se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura de los métodos de medida del valor de marca y se ha aplicado específicamente el método de Aurifeille. Los resultados muestran que la formación del valor de marca está determinada en mayor medida por los atributos intangibles de los destinos turísticos, más difíciles de gestionar pero también origen de ventajas competitivas sostenibles.The aim of our research is twofold: (i) measure the brand equity of tourism destinations. (ii) To know, analise and delimit the origin of the brand equity for each tourism destinations. We have applied the Aurifeille method and obtain the tourism destinations’ brand equity and its tangible and non-tangible components. Our results suggest that non-tangible attributes are more important that tangible ones in the formation of brand equity. These attributes are more difficult for monitoring and managing but also are more difficult for the competence to imitate them and, because of this, are the origin of important sostenible competitive advantages

Sludge treatment wetland for treating microalgae digestate grown in agricultural runoff: a technical, economic, and environmental assessment

The management and disposal of wastewater treatment sludge can be a costly and resource-intensive process. To provide a cost-effective and sustainable alternative, Sludge Treatment Wetlands (STW) have emerged as a viable solution for enhancing sludge quality through dewatering and biodegradation. In this study, the effectiveness of a full-scale STW for stabilizing and dewatering digested microalgal biomass from a domestic and agricultural wastewater treatment system was evaluated. The properties of the treated digestate in the STW were assessed after 35 weeks of operation and a resting period of 4 weeks. The dry matter content was found to be 12.8%, and the average macronutrient content was K: 3.8 mg/g DW, P: 4.9 mg/g DW, and Ca: 95 mg/g DW. The highest contents of micronutrients were for Fe: 7.8 mg/g DW and Mg: 7.6 mg/g DW, while heavy metals and pathogen contents were below the EC limits for sewage sludge reuse in agriculture. The STW was found to be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly option for treating mixed wastewater-based sludge for land application. The STW outperformed reference systems using centrifuge dewatering techniques, particularly in terms of eutrophication potential and acidification potential. However, the STW’s economic performance was slightly worse than that of the dewatering system in terms of unit production cost. This study is the first in the literature to investigate the use of STW for treating digested microalgae and its possible reuse in arable land, suggesting that STW infrastructures have great potential for the development of sustainable and eco-friendly sludge treatment technologies.This research was funded by the European Commission (H2020 project INCOVER, GA 689242). E. Gonzalez-Flo would like to thank the European Union-Next Generation EU, Ministry of Universities and Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan for her research grant [2021UPF-MS12]. A. Ortiz would like to thank the European Union Next-Generation EU, Ministry of Universities and Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan for his research grant [2022UPC-MSC-94120].Peer ReviewedBy Eva Gonzalez-Flo 1 , Antonio Ortiz 2, Carlos A. Arias 3, Rubén Díez-Montero 2,4, Norbert Kohlheb 5, Ulf-Henning Schauser 6, Joan García 2 and Peder K. S. Gregersen 7. 1 GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Building C5.1, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain 2 GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain 3 Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark 4 GIA-Group of Environmental Engineering, Department of Water and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain 5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Fuer Umveltforschung GMBH–UFZ (“UFZ”), 04318 Leipzig, Germany 6 N.A.T., Ingenieurökologisches Planungsbüro, 24340 Eckernförde, Germany 7 Center for Recirkulering v/Peder S, 6870 Gregersen Ölgod, DenmarkPostprint (published version

La innovación docente desde la perspectiva del capital intelectual: un estudio empírico en la Universidad de Sevilla

Este trabajo recoge los resultados de una investigación llevada a cabo en la Universidad de Sevilla dentro del Programa de Apoyo a la Innovación Docente del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación para el curso 2002-2003. El objetivo del mismo ha sido profundizar en la búsqueda de un modelo conceptual que perfile con mayor precisión los componentes del constructo “innovación docente”, bajo la óptica del capital intelectual, así como la importancia diferencial de cada uno de ellos con vista a la mejora de la enseñanza. Para ello se ha utilizado una metodología participativa y a la vez científica que fue propuesta por el profesor Trochim: Concept Mapping.This paper shows the results of a research on teaching innovation. It belongs to the Program “Helping Innovation Teaching”, from Educational Science Institute (Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación) at University of Seville (Spain). It has been done during the academic term 2002-2003. Looking for a conceptual model which shows the components of the construct “Teaching Innovation” and its relative importance in order to improve teaching was the aim of this research. It has been used a participative and scientific methodology developed by Trochim; Concept Mapping

Análisis de la influencia de la imagen en la cadena de lealtad en un mercado heterogéneo

Son numerosas las investigaciones que han analizado la cadena de lealtad como instrumento que profundiza en el comportamiento futuro del cliente y en las interrelaciones entre sus variables intermedias: la calidad de servicio percibida y el grado de satisfacción del cliente. Tomando como referencia estos estudios, en esta investigación se persiguen tres objetivos concretos: en primer lugar, analizar la influencia indirecta que tiene la imagen percibida por el cliente sobre esa cadena de lealtad; en segundo lugar, estudiar la heterogeneidad del mercado en función de las características personales de los individuos, realizando una segmentación ‘a priori’ a través de la ‘necesidad de variedad’ o ‘nivel óptimo de estimulo’; en tercer lugar, analizar el comportamiento dispar del modelo propuesto en función de los cluster alcanzados. Para la contrastación de las hipótesis se realiza un estudio empírico en el sector turístico. Las conclusiones ponen de manifiesto que la influencia de la imagen sobre la cadena de lealtad está condicionada a la heterogeneidad del mercado.There is plenty of evidence analyzing the loyalty chain as a valid instrument to study customer’s future behaviour. Building on this framework, authors pursue three research objectives: first, to study the indirect influence of perceived image on this loyalty chain; secondly, to explore the effect of market heterogeneity according to customer’s personal characteristics, conducting an “a priori” segmentation through “variety seeking” or “optimum level of stimulus”; finally, we analyze how these clusters account for the significant differences in the model. An empirical study is conducted within the tourism industry in order to test the hypotheses. Results evidence that image has a strong influence on the loyalty chain, although this influence is partially conditioned by market heterogeneity